Race and Ethnicity (population of the US) Essay

Race and Ethnicity (population of the US) - Essay Example The American colonies were based on social class and religion, not skin color, for their first 50 years (Adelman, 2003, p. 22). 1800 - 1810 - The second census was taken under the direction of the Secretary of State and included the states and territories northwest of the Ohio River and Mississippi Territory. The count included head of household, free white males, free white females, other free persons (except Indians) and slaves. The count was 5.3 million people and grew to 7.2 million in 1810. 1820 - The categories were expanded to include head of household, free white males and females by age group, foreigners not naturalized, free colored by age group, male and female slaves by age group, number of all other persons except Indians (not taxed). The total was 9.6 million people. 1830 - Blind persons, blind slaves and colored persons, deaf-mutes, deaf-mute slaves and colored persons, and white aliens were categorized, with a total of 12.9 million people. In 1828, Andrew Jackson had made removing all Indians east of the Mississippi central to his agenda, considering them inherently unable to be civilized (Adelman). According to Adelman, race is a concept that was invented to categorize the perceived biological, social and cultural differences between human groups (p. 20). 1840 - The census was expanded to include occupat... e, sex, color; occupation of males over 15; value of real estate, place of birth, change of status within the year, whether person could read or write if over 20, whether deaf-mute, blind, insane, an idiot, a pauper or a convict. Slave schedules were also included. Total was 32.4 million people. 1870, 1880, 1890- The census was expanded to include Chinese, mulatto and Indian, in addition to white and black. The Chinese had come to America to build the railroads in the west. The Civil War and Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation had ended slavery. The census was divided into citizens over 21 and whether their right to vote was denied. Total was 38.6 million people in 1870 and 63 million people by 1890. The industrial revolution was underway, increasing immigrant population, and a special census was taken in 1890 to count Civil War veterans and widows of veterans. 1900-1930 - The population grew from 92.2 million to 123.2 million and categories were divided into sub categories with the addition of employment status (during the Great Depression), whether occupant was a farmer or a homeowner, and citizenship was broken down into years in U.S., aliens applying for citizenship, naturalized citizens. Anyone with any black ancestry at all was counted as black (Wright, 1994). 1940-2000 - The current U.S. Federal Government's Racial and Ethnic Group Classification System is uniquely American and includes American Indian or Alaskan Native; Asian; Black or African American; Hispanic or Latino; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White (About.com: Current, 2008). The more that is done to divide the population of the United States into groups, the more confusing these categories become. The concept of biological race calls for one ethnic origin, and there is no

Digital forensic investigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Digital forensic investigation - Essay Example icated and the information blocked or writer blocked so as to prevent the information on the hard drive from being altered or modified (Kaliski, 2006). Analysis: In this process the information which was found in the hard drive is looked at carefully. The investigators try to piece things together at this stage so that they may come up with the necessary evidence which can be presented in the court (Pereira, 2009). This evidence can be retrieved by using various techniques such as key word searches, whereby things such as the list of the names or account numbers and such like things are searched. This report main task was to look at the involvement of Clyde Barrow in fraud. The investigation also looked at the fact of Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker had been communicating. In the investigation we were able to establish that Clyde Barrow was involved in the fraud and that the two suspects had been communicating with each other. It was also established that Clyde Barrow was involved in terrorism activities as well. The evidential facts are as follows: Clyde Barrow was dealing in counterfeit money. This can be proven by the fact that there were images of the counterfeit money in his hard drive. The images upon investigation, were found to be illegal, i.e. they were not legal tender. Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker not only knew about each other, they had been communicating via e-mail. In our investigations we were able to establish that the two had in fact sent each other an e-mail. If for instance we had found an e-mail from Bonnie Parker to Clyde Barrow and then Clyde Barrow had not replied it, Clyde Barrow could have stated that he did not know Bonnie Parker. In such a case we would not have had proof of the two individuals having prior knowledge about the others existence. Fortunately for us these two had sent each other e-mails about a certain deal meaning they were business partners in the fraud. This is as shown in the appendices we have put forth. How can we